Reagents for Research of Alzheimer

Cloud-Clone Corp. Publish date: 2014-10-23

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, was named after its founder, German psychiatrist and neuropathologist Alois Alzheimer. The main symptom of AD is continuously nerve dysfunction, and its main pathogenic symptom is atrophy of cerebral cortex and certain subcortical region. With the progress of the disease, the patients will loss their long-term memory and physical function gradually, and ultimately lead to death.

Because AD is becoming a great public health crisis, research programs about the disease are increasing recently. While exploring the mechanism of the disease, three hypotheses had been established. For each of the hypothesis, Cloud-Clone Corp. had developed corresponding reagents and detection kits for the research.

1. Cholinergic Hypothesis

The first hypothesis for AD is cholinergic hypothesis, it is considered that AD is caused by reduction of neurotransmitter, Acetyle Choline (Ach). Regarding to this kind of research, Cloud-Clone Corp. has developed ELISA kit for Ach (CEA912Ge), and Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) detection in different species (SEB447Hu，SEB447Mu，SEB447Ra). As it is known, Ach is small molecule, which shows the same form in different species, so, it could be recognized by one antibody. Based on this, Cloud-Clone Corp. developed a general kit for Ach detection (CEA912Ge). Beside of the detection kits, vector conjugated small molecule and its specific antibodies are also provided (CPA912Ge11, BSA Conjugated Acetylcholine, PAA912Ge71, Biotin-Linked Antibody to Acetylcholine, MAA912Ge21, Monoclonal Antibody to Acetylcholine etc).

2. Amyloid hypothesis

Based on the phenomenon that no significant function was found after treatment of Ach deficiency, amyloid hypothesis was raised. In this theory, it is considered that AD is caused by the accumulation of Beta amyloid protein (βA) in brain, and the peptide of βA1-42 is considered as the biomarker of AD. In later research, researchers found that N-APP/DR6 pathway also plays an important part in AD. Regarding to these researches, Cloud-Clone Corp. has developed ELISA kit for βA1-42 (CEA946Hu), βA1-40 (CEA864Hu) and Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) (SEB020Hu，SEB020Mu，SEB020Ra) detection.

Moreover, as it is shown in Figure 1, there are only three different amino acids between human and mouse/rat βA1-42/βA1-40, we designed specific detection kits for βA1-42/βA1-40 (CEA946Hu, CEA946Mu, CEA946Ra, CEA864Hu, CEA864Mu, CEA864Ra) from different species by immunogen designing and antibody screening. These kits show low cross-reactivity and high specificity in the experiments.

Besides the common ELISA kits, Cloud-Clone Corp. also provides CLIA kits for the researchers, the CLIA kit is more sensitive, and it owns a broader detection range. As for the detection of APP, CLIA kit of SCB020Hu is provided. Death Receptor 6 (DR6) detection kits of SED929Hu, SED929Mu and SED929Ra, antibody of PAD929Hu01 are also provided.

Figure 1 Sequence alignment of human, mouse and rat βA1-40/βA1-42

3. Tau hypothesis

In this model, the abnormal shown in microtubule related protein is considered as the cause of AD. Combination of excessive phosphorylated Tau protein (MAPt) with other Tau protein leads to the formation of nerve fibers tangle, and causes the collapse of microtubule in nerve cells, and in turn, leads to the death of nerve cells.

Regarding to these researches, ELISA kits for Tau protein detection (SEB983Hu, SEB983Mu, SEB983Ra), recombinant Tau protein (RPB983Hu01), antibody specific for Tau protein (MAB983Hu22, PAB983Hu01), and ELISA kits for tPK1 detection (SEB984Hu, SEB984Mu, SEB984Ra) had been developed by Cloud-Clone Corp. for researchers. Moreover, specific kit for phosphorylated Tau protein detection is under development, too.

Regarding to these researches, ELISA kits for Tau protein detection (SEB983Hu, SEB983Mu, SEB983Ra), recombinant Tau protein (RPB983Hu01), antibody specific for Tau protein (MAB983Hu22, PAB983Hu01), and ELISA kits for tPK1 detection (SEB984Hu, SEB984Mu, SEB984Ra) had been developed by Cloud-Clone Corp. for researchers. Moreover, specific kit for phosphorylated Tau protein detection is under development, too.

The other hypotheses, for instance, fracture of aging related myelin, oxidative stress and degeneration of locus coeruleus nuclear cells are all related to amyloid protein and Tau protein, they are all based on hypotheses two and three. For more information, please check http://www.cloud-clone.us/.

For more information, please check www.cloud-clone.com