Products for Detection of Apoptosis-Related Proteins

Recently, apoptosis is a heated spot in biological and medical research fields, because it plays key roles in embryogenesis, morphogenesis, tissue homeostasis, body defense and immune response, cellular damage caused by diseases or toxicosis, aging, development of tumors and so on. Abnormal apoptosis is related to many diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, stroke and cancer, etc. In general, apoptosis means a series of processes of programmed cell death (PCD), it is precisely controlled by the regulation of certain intracellular molecules (including apoptosis-related genes and their metabolites), and these processes will promote adaptation to the environment and maintain homeostasis.

Recently reports show that , apoptosis is regulated by various of regulators, and there are three mainly regulation pathways, the first one is membrane receptor pathway, stimulator from outside will bind to the death receptor on cellular membrane, and then, activate the caspase protein. For instance, TNFR can bind to TNF, Fas can bind to FasL and RTX can bind to growth factor, and after that, the apoptosis pathway is activated. The second pathway is mitochondrion pathway, apoptosis factors will be released from mitochondrion in cytoplamsa, and in turn to stimulate caspase. The last way is endoplasmic reticulum pathway, proteins released from endoplasmic reticulum will form complex to stimilate caspase, and act on Bid and Bim in Bcl2 family, and consequently act on mitochondrion to induce apoptosis.

As apoptosis plays a key role in the health of multicellular organism, and it is very important for physical grown, it have attracted great attention to further research for its machanism and components, and thereby, it is becoming one of the most hottest topics in biological and medical researches.

Regarding to this hot topic, Cloud-Clone Corp. has developed a series of products, including recombinant proteins, antibodies and ELISA kits. These products provides a systematical technology platform for researches in apoptosis. For instance, lots of products related to common apoptosis factors have been pushed into the market, including apoptosis promoting factors (P53, ICE, Fas FasL and C-MYC, etc) and apoptosis inhibitors (bcl-2).

The main apoptosis promoting factors are shown below, P53 tumor suppressor gene product is a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein that is necessary for the G1 arrest of many cell types, and this protein can inhibit cell proliferation, and induce apoptosis of susceptible cells. Cloud-Clone Corp. successfully develops P53 ELISA kits (SEA928Hu, SEA928Mu and SEA928Ra), CLIA kits (SCA928Hu, SCA928Mu and SCA928Ra) and high-quality Biotin-Linked Antibody to Tumor Protein p53 (PAA928Hu71).

ICE, interleukin 1 beta convertingenzyme, also called caspase 1, can activate the inflammasome to initiate the release of inflammatory factor. And the inflammatory micro-environment is subsequently established, which can activate apoptosis pathway and promote the programmed cell death. The ICE ELISA kits (SEB592Hu, SEB592Mu and SEB592Ra )can be used to quantitatively detect ICE in human, mouse and rat, respectively.

Fas/Apo-1 is (CD95) is a type I membrane glycoprotein belonging to the tumor necrosis factor/nerve growth factor receptor family, and this protein can trigger apoptosis in some lymphoid cell lines. The analysis of Fas amino acid sequences of cytoplasmic domain shows that it has a 68aa homologous sequences with TNFRI, which plays a key role in the apoptosis mediated by Fas and TNFRI. Our self-developed product (SEA030Hu) is a useful tool for Fas protein detection.

During the development of T-cell, Fasl can bind to the death receptor TNFRSF6/FAS and mediate the apoptosis induced by cytotoxic activity. Our ELISA kit of SEA031Hu is widely used in detecting the expression level of FasL in human.

Previous studies show that c-myc can regulate cell cycle progression.and play a role in apoptosis, over or low expression of c-myc will induce apoptosis through different pathways. SEB290Hu, SEB290Mu and SEB290Ra develped by Cloud-Clone Corp. can be used to detect c-myc in human, mouse and rat, respectively.

Bcl-2, 26kDa, which is encoded by bcl-2 gene in human, belongs to integral membrane protein family. This protein is located in mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and continuous perikarya. Bcl-2 can prevent cytochrome c in mitochondria tranferring into cytoplasm, which will lead to the suppression of apoptosis. Our company produces recombinant Bcl-2 proteins (RPA778Hu01/ RPA778Mu01/ RPA778Ra01 /RPA778Bo01) by a high throughout prokaryotic expression and purification platform, and then produces antibodies (PAA778Hu01/ PAA778Mu01 /PAA778Ra01 /PAA778Bo01) by animal immunization, and based on the protein and antibodies, high quality ELISA kits (SEA778Hu/ SEA778Mu/ SEA778Ra/ SEA778Bo) are developed.

Besides, there are some other molecules that participate in the regulation of apoptosis, e.g. apoptosis promoting factors such as BCL-2 protein family (Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, Bcl-XS, Bax, Bak, Bad, MCl-1 etc), Caspase1-14, Apafs (Apaf-1, cyt.c, etc) and apoptosis inhibitors such as IAP(c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP, NIAP and survivin ).

For more related products, please visit www.cloud-clone.us.