Hi, I am HMGB1, Here is My Story
Hi, everybody, I am High Mobility Group protein B1 (HMGB1). My family contains three brothers---HMGB2 , HMGB3 and I. I am the big brother as I am the most widely distributed and abundant one. Though we look like each other in many ways, we are different.
After a solemn presentation, now I will introduce myself more concretely. I once lived in the 13q12 chromosome (eg: human), then I grow up and become a non-histone protein which is located in the nucleus. When the cell is infected or physically injured, I will no longer stay leisurely and loosely, I will tightly bind to the DNA and be secreted out of the cell to send a signal to the immune system for repairing. This is how I induce the inflammatory responses.
Regularly, pathogens are believed to be the main culprits to activate the immune system and cause local or systemic inflammation. When pathogens invade the body, the immune cells activate the immune system by distinguishing between self and non-self molecules. Though I am the organism’s normal self molecule, I can also be recognized and regulated by immune system. When the macrophage or damaged cell, the home I live in, is stimulated, I will be secreted into the outside within eight hours. I can also promote the release of other inflammatory factors. For example, the macrophages will enhance the synthesis and expression of TNF under my command. What’s more, I can visit monocytes to enhance the expression of TNF, TL and other brothers（As shown in the Figure）.
Besides, I can cooperate with TLR4 and TNF to activate other neighbor receptors on the surface of cells, such as RAGE, etc. In this way, I can accelerate the response of immune system and release of inflammatory factors to defeat invaders. Since my special functions attract the attention of global scientists and scholars, currenlty, lots of in-vitro and in-vivo experiments were performed, and the results show that I may be a late pro-inflammatory factor that plays a potentially crucial role in the process of inflammation. Consequently, I am identified as a new target molecule of anti-inflammatory treatment. Based on this, Cloud-Clone Corp. has been tracking and researching on me, and lots of relevant products have been developed, such as a series of ELISA Kits for High Mobility Group Protein 1 detection（SEA399Ra，SEA399Mu， SEA399Ca ， SEA399Po), and recombinant protein of human High Mobility Group Protein 1 (RPA399Hu01，RPA399Hu02). This is not an easy job because I am not a “good boy”. As I am structurally composed of three domains, A-box, B-box and C-tail. It is a tough job to just clone my gene, it will take a postgraduate student two years to accomplish this job. But the research team of Cloud-Clone Corp. make great effort in technology innovation in gene clone, protein expression and purification, and finally shorten the time for products development. After the expression and purification processes, a series of recombinant proteins had been developed, and it makes the research of HMGB1 a much more simple work. To meet the demands of different studies, the R&D team of the Cloud-Clone Corp. also prepared the antibodies specific to me, which means that they need to select antibodies which just react with me, but not with my brothers. These antibodies include monoclonal antibody and polyclonal antibody（MAA399Hu22，PAA399Hu01，PAA399Hu02）.
What is more encouraging is that, these products have been approved by researchers at home and abroad,. From the published papers the relations between tumors and inflammation have gradually been shown in the field of basic medicine and clinical medicine. Recently, articles published in the magazines such as PNAS，Cancer， Cell and so on, all show that the formation of tumors has a close relationship with infection and inflammation. As a consequence, I am becoming an important molecular marker for the research of diseases related to tumors and cancers. Published paper by the users of products from Cloud-Clone Corp. is shown as follows:
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