The Detailed Preparation Method of CD40L and CD40 in-vitro

CD40L (Cluster of differentiation 40 Ligand) and CD40 (Cluster of differentiation 40) are a pair of complementary co-stimulatory molecules, taking part in specific immune response system in body. They play important roles in antigen presentation and immune responses, the abnomality of either CD40L or CD40 will cause a series of downstream reactions

CD40 is a member of the TNFR superfamily, which is a type I transmembrane protein mainly expressed in B cells. CD40, known as the APC (antigen presenting cells) co-stimulatory protein, is essential for the activation of APC. CD40 can combine with TRAF1, TRAF2, TRAF3, TRAF5, TRAF6 and TTRAP.

CD40L was originally found on the surface of activated T cells.It is a member of the TNF family, as well as a type Ⅱ transmembrane protein. It can combine with antigen presenting cells (APC) , and cause a series of reactions of related cells. As a costimulatory molecule, CD40L activates the T cell receptor according to the MHC on APC , so as to stimulate associated APC. There are three main CD40L binding proteins, namely CD40, α5β1 integrin and αIIbβ3.

Fig. 1. The position of CD40 and CD40L in cell schematic

The products of CD40 and CD40L are as follows:

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Some reports show that CD40 and CD40L pathway abnormalities in X-linked hyperimmunoglobulin m syndrome (XHIM), atherosclerotic heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. It is significant to study the mechanism and related co-stimulatory pathway of CD40 and CD40L.

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