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The introduction of Caspase Family and Cellular Apoptosis

Cloud-Clone Corp.

The topic of quantitative determination of Caspase-1 expression in ATP and LPS stimulated monocytes by ELISA analysis had been introduced. Now we briefly introduce the Caspase family members. The study on Caspase family in cellular apoptosis is very popular in recent years. 14 Caspase members have been cloned, and they are similar with amino acid sequences and structure of proteins. Caspase protein usually exists in forms of inactive zymogen. 

Caspase members are divided into 3 classes as for their different function and sequence in cascade reaction. The first members of the Caspase family include Caspase- 2, Caspase- 8, Caspase- 9 and Caspase- 10. They are initiators of apoptosis, and activate the expression of other Caspase members and be self-activated. The second members are effectors of apoptosis, including Caspase- 3, Caspase- 6 and Caspase- 7, and react on downstream cascade reaction. Caspase members are involved in cellular apoptosis process and related with the morphological characteristics of cells when they are activated. The third members include Caspase- 1, Caspase- 4, Caspase-5, Caspase-13 and Caspase-14, and they mainly involve in cytokine-mediated inflammatory response. Meanwhile, they play a role in the death receptor-mediated cell apoptosis.

Caspase-8 is the first activated member in cellular apoptosis process. FADD and DED as domains are combined when it is procaspase-8. While, the two domains could be separated when cells are stimulated by FAS and its receptor. The process releases the ICE homologous region of Caspase-8, resulting in activation of Caspase-8 by self- catalyzed, then Caspase-8 activates Caspase-3, Caspase-7, Caspase-4, Caspase-9 and Caspase-10. Caspase-3 zymogen (32KD) is generally present in the cytoplasm. In the early stages of apoptosis, the activation of caspase-3 is composed of two large subunits (17KD) and two small subunits (12KD), cleaved into corresponding cytoplasm nucleus substrate, ultimately leading to cell apoptosis.

Cloud-Clone Corp. has developed some products of Caspase family based on hot researches, including recombinant proteins, specific antibodies and quantitative ELISA kits. There are many kits of 14 Caspase members , and below are some ELISA kits and relevant references in table.

 

Product Protein Journal Reference Species
SEB592 CASP1 PLoS One Cilostazol Renoprotective Effect: Modulation of PPAR-γ, NGAL, KIM-1 and IL-18 Underlies Its Novel Effect in a Model of Ischemia-Reperfusion(SEB592Ra) Hu,Ra, Mu
SEA626
 CASP3 J Investig Clin Dent Expression of key executioner of apoptosis caspase3 in periodont health and disease(SEA626Hu) Hu,Ra,Mu,Bo
SEA449 CASP7 Clinical &Experimental Ophthalmology  Analysis of fine structure and biochemical changes of retina during aging of Wistar albino rats(SEA449Hu) Hu,Ra,Mu
SEA853 CASP8 MolecularNeurobiology   Ursodeoxycholic Acid Ameliorates Apoptotic Cascade in the Rotenone Model of Parkinson’s Disease: Modulation of Mitochondrial Perturbations(SEA853Ra) Hu,Ra,Mu
SEA627 CASP9 Reprod Sci Role of mitochondria in ciprofloxacin-induced apoptosis in murine sperm cells(SEA627Mu) Hu,Ra,Mu
SEA457 CASP14 Journal of Dermatological Science Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid levels or caspase-14 expression in the corneocytes of lesional skin correlates with clinical severity, skin barrier function and lesional inflammation in atopic dermatitis(SEA457Hu) Hu,Ra

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