The gibberellic acid derived from the plastidial MEP pathway is involved in the accumulation of Bamboo mosaic virus
On May 6, 2022, Ching-Hsiu Tsai, Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taiwan, and his team published a paper titled “The gibberellic acid derived from the plastidial MEP pathway is involved in the accumulation of Bamboo mosaic virus” in New Phytologist, which confirmed the de novo synthesis of gibberellic acid could assist BaMV accumulation.
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A gene upregulated in Nicotiana benthamiana after Bamboo mosaic virus (BaMV) infection was revealed as 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (NbDXR). DXR is the key enzyme in the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathway that catalyzes the conversion of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate.Knockdown and overexpression of NbDXR followed by BaMV inoculation revealed that NbDXR is involved in BaMV accumulation. Treating leaves with fosmidomycin, an inhibitor of DXR function, reduced BaMV accumulation. Subcellular localization was confirmed that DXR is a chloroplast-localized protein by confocal microscopy. Furthermore, knockdown of 1-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(E)-butenyl-4-diphosphate reductase, one of the enzymes in the MEP pathway, also reduced BaMV accumulation. The accumulation of BaMV increased significantly in protoplasts treated with isopentenyl pyrophosphate. Thus, the metabolites of the MEP pathway could be involved in BaMV infection. To identify the critical components involved in BaMV accumulation, we knocked down the crucial enzyme of isoprenoid synthesis, NbGGPPS11 or NbGGPPS2. Only NbGGPPS2 was involved in BaMV infection. The GGPP synthesized by NbGGPPS2 is known for gibberellin synthesis. We confirmed this result by supplying gibberellic acid exogenously on leaves, which increased BaMV accumulation. The de novo synthesis of gibberellic acid could assist BaMV accumulation.
