Transforming growth factor beta 1 or TGF-β1 is a polypeptide member of the transforming growth factor beta superfamily of cytokines. It is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and apoptosis.To test the effect of TGF-β1 on cell apoptosis, A549cells were seeded into 96-well plates at a density of 5,000 cells/well with 1% serum standard DMEMincluding various concentrations of recombinant humanTGF-β1. Proliferation of A549 cells after incubation with TGF-β1 for 48h observed by inverted microscope was shown in Figure 1.Cell viability was assessed by CCK-8 (Cell Counting Kit-8 ) assay aft......2022-10-19

The intestinal epithelium is part of the mucosa layer. The epithelium contains several cell types including mature secretory cells, mature absorptive cells, progenitors/transit-amplifying cells, and stem cells. Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are responsible for ongoing epithelial regeneration throughout life. The stem cell-to-daughter cell transition in the intestinal epithelium is believed to be a highly dynamic and plastic process. Stem cell maintenance and the fine-tuning of differentiation into all different lineages are controlled by the surrounding microenvironment, including the cellular and extracellular matrix niche. On a molecular level, multiple signalling pathways together or......2022-10-14

On August 30, 2022, Ren Lai, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, and his team published a paper titled “Hypoxia and low temperature up-regulate transferrin to induce hypercoagulability at high altitude” in Blood, which suggested low temperature and hypoxia up-regulated transferrin expression promoted hypercoagulability.The kits [ELISA Kit for Transferrin (TF), SEC036Hu/CEC036Mu; ELISA Kit for Prothrombin Fragment 1+2 (F1+2), SEA710Hu/SEA710Mu; ELISA Kit for Coagulation Factor XII (F12), SEA677Hu/SEA677Mu] of Cloud-Clone brand was chosed in this article, we are so proud for supporting the reaserchers.Studies have shown significantly increased thromboemb......2022-10-12

Melanoma is the most lethal type of skin cancer that originates from the malignant transformation of melanocytes.Actually, melanocytes are of neuroectodermal origin and then migrate extensively to reside throughout the body, including skin, uveal, mucosa, inner ear, and rectum, displaying as highly dendritic cells to manufacture melanin to defend against photodamage. Although the mortality rate of melanoma patients is prominently reduced in the past few decades due to early diagnosis, proper screening approaches, improved surgery principle and revolutionary advances of targeted therapy and immunotherapy, the prognosis of patients, in particular those with distant metastasis, remains un......2022-09-30

Sjögren's syndrome(SS)is a complex autoimmune rheumatic disease characterized by chronic inflammation of exocrine glands and the presence of autoantibodies against the ribonucleoprotein particles SSA/Ro and SSB/La. The clinical outcomes are dry eyes and dry mouth. Due to involvement of other organs, there are also several systemic manifestations of SS. The pathogenetic mechanism driving the disease has been poorly understood, although it may involve a combination of environmental and genetic factors. Because of the unknown etiology, only palliative treatment exists for SS, and many patients with SS experience a poor quality of life. A better understanding the pathophysiology is es......2022-09-23

On August 20, 2022, Juan Sastre, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Spain, and his team published a paper titled “p53 drives necroptosis via downregulation of sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin 3” in Redox Biology. They described a positive feedback between mitochondrial H2O2and p53 that downregulates sulfiredoxin and peroxiredoxin 3 leading to necroptosis in inflammation and obesity.The kits [ELISA Kit for High Mobility Group Protein 1 (HMGB1), SEA399Mu] of Cloud-Clone brand was chosed in this article, we are so proud for supporting the reaserchers.Mitochondrial dysfunction is a key contributor to necroptosis. We have investigated the contribution o......2022-09-23