Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is a kind of type I transmembrane protein discovered by Poltorak in 1998. It is coded by TLR4 gene, and expressed on several kinds of cells, including monocytes, macrophages et al. TLR4 could recognize lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from gram negative bacteria, and then trigger signal transduction through NF-κB or JNK/SAPK pathway (Fig.1) (more information about LPS related products, please check http://www.uscnk.com/topic/LPS-ELISA-Kit-may-Substitute- for-LAL-Test.html). Innate immunity (also known as native immunity) refers immunity created during species evolution development. It appears at birth of the individual, and it functions in a broad range not s......2015-02-17

IL-6 is one kind of interleukins which exerts pro and anti-inflammatory effects in the body. It’s a typical pro-inflammatory cytokine and encoded by IL-6 gene. T cell and macrophage will been differentiated into activated cells and proliferate when outer substances encounted, then much IL-6 was produced to stimulate immune responses. The level of IL-6 increases significantly in infection, wound, burn and other tissues lesions. It is up-regulated by IL-1ra and IL-10 and down-regulated by TNF-alpha and IL-1. In clinical research, it has been found that IL-6 is associated with many systematic diseases, such as periodontitis, acute myocardial infarction, gestational hypertension, pro......2015-02-17

Secondary antibodies are antibodies target to primary antibodies. The antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin, is able to provoke an immune response due to its immunogenicity. If an antibody is injected to heterogeneous host, the immunoglobulin against to this primary antibody will be secreted by activated immune system. A secondary antibody is used to combined with primary antibody that has bound to a target antigen and it can be used to increase sensitivity through the signal amplification. Secondary antibodies conjugated to enzymes and labels play an important role in the immunological experiment. That is to say, they are the key components of detection systems. Selection of ......2015-02-17

VEGF-A(Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A), belongs to platelet derived growth factor family, mainly distributed in human and animal’s kidney, spleen, liver, skeleton, brain etc. VEGFA increases vascular permeability, promotes the multiplication and migration of vascular endothelial cell, decreases the tumor apoptosis, and enhances the generation of vascular support by binding with VEGFR1, VEGFR2, Nrp1 and Nrp2. VEGF-A mRNA consists of 8 exons and 7 introns, and yield 7 isoforms and 9 isomers by alternative splicing, mainly includes VEGF-A121, VEGF-A145, VEGF-A165, VEGF-A183, VEGF-A189 and VEGF-A206. The arabic number means the number of amino acids. The schematic diagram abou......2015-01-13

NF-κB(Nuclear Factor Kappa B) is a transcription factor, it is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet radiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NF-κB enters cell nucleus and promotes biological functional genes widely expressing. Under circumstances, more than 200 genes target NF-κB molecule in various types of cells. NF-κB not only functions in the regulation of immune and inflammatory response, but also in the proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. More and more evidences show that NF-kB plays an important role in neoplasia, and the abnormal expression of NF-kB has been detecte......2015-01-13

Generally, It needs about 4-5 hours for researchers to accomplish the experiment while using the common used sandwich ELISA kit. So, in order to improve the efficiency of research, Cloud-Clone Corp. had done lots of work in this area. Recently, the instant ELISA kit is pushed into the market. For instance, Instant ELISA Kit for Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1, Soluble, (IDH1), the catalog number is IEH839Hu. Comparing to the normal ELISA kit for IDH1 (SEH839Hu), there are lots of advantages for the instant ELISA kit. For instance, the experimental time is short, sample volume needed for detection is small, reagents in the kit are ready to use, the sensitivity is high, et al. The comparison......2015-01-13